Nke mbu, anyi kwesiri ibelata oke nkparita uka iji zere ime ka o zuo oke. Igwe ọkụ a tụlere ebe a na-ezo aka na igwe na-emekọrịta ihe nke AC na-enweghị brush, nke nwere akụkụ atọ, nke a na-akpọkwa ya naanị dị ka “generator”.
Ụdị generator a nwere opekata mpe akụkụ atọ, nke a ga-ekwu na mkparịta ụka na-esonụ:
Main generator, kewara n'ime isi stator na isi rotor; Isi rotor na-enye oghere magnetik, na isi stator na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik iji nye ibu ahụ; Exciter, kewara n'ime exciter stator na rotor; The exciter stator na-enye oghere magnetik, rotor na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik, na mgbe emezigharị site na ntụgharị ntụgharị, ọ na-enye ike na rotor isi; Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) na-achọpụta mmepụta voltaji nke isi generator, na-achịkwa ugbu a nke exciter stator coil, ma mezuo ebumnuche nke ịkwado voltaji mmepụta nke isi stator.
Nkọwa nke ọrụ nkwụsi ike voltaji AVR
Ebumnuche arụ ọrụ nke AVR bụ idowe voltaji nrụpụta generator kwụsiri ike, nke a na-akpọkarị “voltage stabilizer”.
Ọrụ ya bụ ịbawanye stator ugbu a nke exciter mgbe mmepụta voltaji nke generator dị ala karịa ọnụ ahịa setịpụrụ, nke ya na ya na-abawanye ugbu a na-akpali akpali nke isi rotor, na-eme ka voltaji na-emepụta ihe na-ebili na ọnụahịa setịpụrụ; N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, belata mkpali ugbu a ma kwe ka voltaji belata; Ọ bụrụ na voltaji mmepụta nke generator hà nhata nha anya, AVR na-ejigide mmepụta dị ugbu a na-enweghị mgbanwe.
Ọzọkwa, dịka mmekọrịta nke dị n'etiti ugbu a na voltaji si dị, enwere ike kewaa ibu AC n'ime ụzọ atọ:
Ibu na-eguzogide, ebe ugbu a dị na-adọ na voltaji etinyere ya; Ibu inductive, akụkụ nke ugbu a na-adị n'azụ voltaji; Ibu capacitive, akụkụ nke ugbu a dị n'ihu voltaji. Ntụnyere njirimara ibu atọ ahụ na-enyere anyị aka ịghọta ibu capacitive nke ọma.
Maka ibu ndị na-eguzogide, ibu ibu ahụ, nke ukwuu nke ugbu a na-akpali akpali achọrọ maka rotor isi (iji mee ka voltaji mmepụta nke generator guzosie ike).
Na mkparịta ụka na-esote, anyị ga-eji mkpali ugbu a chọrọ maka ibu ndị na-eguzogide dị ka ọkọlọtọ ntụaka, nke pụtara na a na-akpọ ndị buru ibu dị ka ndị buru ibu; Anyị na-akpọ ya obere karịa ya.
Mgbe ibu nke generator bụ inductive, isi rotor ga-achọ ka ukwuu excitation ugbu a ka generator ịnọgide na-enwe ike mmepụta voltaji.
Ibu capacitive
Mgbe onye na-emepụta ihe na-ezute ibu nke capacitive, ihe na-akpali akpali nke isi rotor chọrọ dị ntakịrị, nke pụtara na a ghaghị ibelata ihe mkpali dị ugbu a iji mee ka voltaji mmepụta nke generator guzosie ike.
Gịnị mere nke a ji mee?
Anyị ka kwesịrị icheta na nke ugbu a na capacitive ibu dị n'ihu voltaji, na ndị a na-eduga okwukwo (na-eru site na isi stator) ga-n'ịwa akpali ugbu a na isi rotor, nke na-eme na-kwesịrị superimposed na excitation ugbu a, na-eme ka magnetik nke isi rotor. Ya mere, a ghaghị ibelata ihe dị ugbu a site na exciter iji nọgide na-enwe ike mmepụta voltaji nke generator.
Ibu ibu capacitive buru ibu, obere ihe mmepụta nke exciter; Mgbe ibu capacitive na-abawanye ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, a ga-ebelata mmepụta nke exciter na efu. Ihe mmepụta nke exciter bụ efu, nke bụ njedebe nke generator; N'ebe a, mmepụta voltaji nke generator agaghị adị onwe ya, na ụdị ọkụ ọkụ a erughị eru. A makwaara mmachi a dị ka 'n'okpuru mmachi mkpali'.
The generator nwere ike na-anabata oke ibu ikike; (N'ezie, maka onye na-emepụta ihe a kapịrị ọnụ, enwerekwa oke na oke ibu ndị na-eguzogide ma ọ bụ inductive.)
Ọ bụrụ na ibu capacitive na-enye nsogbu nsogbu, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịhọrọ iji isi mmalite ike IT nwere obere ikike kwa kilowatt, ma ọ bụ jiri inductor kwụọ ụgwọ. Ekwela ka ihe nrụpụta generator rụọ ọrụ n'akụkụ mpaghara “n'okpuru oke mkpali”.
Oge nzipu: Sep-07-2023
